Dai Bin | Cultural Park and Canal Tourism

On the afternoon of September 4, the "Grand Canal Cultural Tourism Industry Cooperation Forum" co-organized by the Publicity Department of the Jiangsu Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China, the Jiangsu Provincial Department of Culture and Tourism, the Foreign Affairs Office of the Jiangsu Provincial People's Government, the Jiangsu Federation of Literary and Art Circles, the Wuxi Municipal People's Government, and the Huai'an Municipal People's Government was held in Wuxi. President Dai Bin was invited to attend the forum and give a keynote speech. The full text is as follows:

Cultural Park · Canal Tourism——Keynote Speech at the Grand Canal Cultural Tourism Industry Investment and Cooperation Forum (September 4, 2020, Wuxi, Jiangsu) Dai Bin, President of China Tourism Research Institute

Dear Mayor Du Xiaogang of Wuxi Municipal People's Government, comrades, friends, good afternoon! Time flies so fast. At the first Grand Canal Forum in Yangzhou last May, I agreed with Chairman Sheng Lei to ask Jiangsu Cultural Investment to "build a boat and accompany you to the south of the Yangtze River". It seems to be just now. Last night, I heard General Guoqiang say that the treasure ship has already taken shape, which is really exciting news. What is even more exciting is that the Grand Canal, the Great Wall and the Long March National Cultural Park, which are included in the national strategic system, have already had an early harvest list in terms of setting up special working groups, resource surveys, development plans, and project construction. Under the personal deployment and command of General Secretary Xi Jinping, my country's epidemic prevention and control has achieved important phased results. The dawn of decisive victory in poverty alleviation and building a moderately prosperous society in all respects is ahead, and a new journey of building a socialist modern country is about to begin. Today, we solemnly gathered in Wuxi, an important node city in the construction of the Grand Canal National Cultural Park, to summarize Jiangsu's experience in cultural construction and tourism development, and to explore strategies for promoting high-quality development of cultural and tourism integration. It can be said that it is the right time to be in a prosperous era. The Grand Canal is historical, contemporary, and future. From the excavation of Han Canal by King Fuchai of Wu in the Spring and Autumn Period, the opening of Lingqu Canal by Qin Shihuang, the repair of Bianqu Canal by Cao Wei, the opening of four canals by Wen and Yang of Sui Dynasty, the dredging and expansion of the canals during the Tang, Song and Yuan Dynasties, to the peak of the development of the ancient canal during the Ming and Qing Dynasties. After the opening of the Jinpu Railway in 1911, the shipping value of the northern section of the river gradually lost until it was cut off. After the founding of New China in 1949, the government carried out large-scale renovation of the Middle Canal and the Inner Canal. Although the expected goals have been achieved to a certain extent in terms of flood control and navigation, the times have changed. Some military, water transport, water conservancy and other functions have been replaced by railways, highways, and South-to-North Water Diversion Projects. It is no longer realistic to fully restore the historical splendor. The goal of the construction of the National Cultural Park is neither necessary nor necessary to travel through history back to the past, but to give cultural heritage the current significance on the basis of functional reconstruction. We develop cultural resources in the name of tourism, not just to restore the time and space of history, but to make the Grand Canal a quality living space for urban and rural residents along the province and city based on contextualization, cultural relics protection and cultural inheritance, so that all tourists from foreign countries who identify with the Grand Canal and yearn for the Grand Canal can visit conveniently and have a better quality experience. There is a consensus on protecting cultural relics, sites and intangible cultural heritage at any time, anywhere, and by any organization and individual. We also fully realize that culture is a top-down education, a bottom-up feedback, and a shaping in the communication interaction. The great culture should have a big pattern and a big mind for the country and the people. As a world heritage, the Grand Canal naturally has the functions of education, research and communication. We must not close the cultural park in the name of protection and ban idle people from entering. If culture is turned into something for self-appreciation in a small circle of traditional literati, it will be a betrayal of the original intention of building a cultural park. International experience in the protection and utilization of cultural heritage shows that the closer it is to people's lives, the more conducive it is to cultural inheritance. From the perspective of world history, the level of art in a country or region does not depend on individual talented artists, but on how many people appreciate art from the bottom of their hearts. Only by allowing the general public to easily access, experience and feel culture in their daily lives can culture be understood and recognized by more people on a larger scale and for a longer period of time, and then be effectively protected, inherited and promoted. The construction of a cultural park is not to let us wander in the time and space of history, to miss the past glory over and over again, but to be careful and trace the past and plan for the future. In the starry sky of the evolution of human civilization, each generation is a watcher and a pioneer, and will eventually leave their own marks and emit a unique light. At this time, I remembered the "Creation of Water" which tells the story of Israel's development from a desert country to a water power. The constantly improving national water resources governance system and the continuously improving water field innovation capabilities constitute Israel's national competitiveness and have accumulated economic strength and cultural heritage. Culture is not a fossil or a specimen, but an endless life. The cultural park should be committed to the creative transformation and innovative development of traditional culture, so that the texts collected in the Forbidden City, the heritage displayed on the vast land, and the texts written in ancient books can all come alive. This is the leader's request and the people's expectation. Comrades and friends, the Grand Canal is cultural, political, and economic. The projects, sites, and artifacts that are regarded as cultural heritage and well protected today all had specific military, political, economic, and social functions. The Grand Canal in history has played a key role and played a positive role in the process of national unification, ethnic integration, and cultural prosperity in different historical periods. In particular, water transport has always been an indispensable and most important material basis for maintaining the central government. "Half of the world's wealth comes from this road." Today, we must fight a decisive battle to overcome poverty, build a well-off society in an all-round way, build a socialist modern power, and realize the Chinese dream of national rejuvenation and people's happiness. We are still facing a very complex international and domestic environment and foreseeable difficulties and obstacles. The construction of the Grand Canal National Cultural Park must consciously assume the role of cultivating the roots of cultural confidence and casting the soul of the socialist core values. The people have faith and the country has strength. The people's yearning for a better life is the goal of the Chinese Communists and the fundamental driving force for innovation of market players. Over the past 40 years of reform and opening up, we have achieved the transformation from a country with abundant tourism resources to a powerful tourism country. It is expected that by the end of the 14th Five-Year Plan, we will usher in a super market with 10 billion domestic tourists and 10 trillion tourism revenue. Tourism in a well-off society will be an organic combination of beautiful scenery and a better life, and a deep integration of culture and tourism. Tourism projects are not only large-scale landscape spaces and large-scale theme parks, but also indoor parks, community parks and suburban parks that are touchable and sensible to the general public. The construction of national cultural parks is far from being as simple as demarcating a few plots of land in a protected area and building a few museums to collect some cultural relics. The concept and requirements of the integrated development of culture and tourism should be integrated into the entire process of planning, construction and operation, and urban and rural development, residents' leisure and tourists' sharing should be coordinated to integrate the canal into the daily life space of the people without any sense of disobedience. This requires us to conduct in-depth research on the laws of the integrated development of cultural undertakings, cultural industries and tourism, and to display the content that the public is interested in in a language that the public can understand and in an easy-to-accept way. We should be good at carrying culture with science and technology, expressing culture with science and technology, and developing phenomenal projects that face the present and lead the future at the intersection of history and modernity. For most tourists, it is almost impossible to travel all the sections and iconic projects along the canal at one time, with its long cultural context, rich heritage, and wonderful urban and rural destinations. What to do? You can exchange time for space, and cross Guazhou in the night snow on the building ship; go to Yangzhou in March when fireworks are on; go to Hangzhou in the hot summer to see the three autumn osmanthus and ten miles of lotus; come to Wuxi when the moon is full on Mid-Autumn Festival, and take a boat through the "canal's unique place, Jiangnan water alleys" to the sound of the oars of Yu Enai, and talk with the artist Abing to the sound of the piano in "Erquan Yingyue". If you don't have enough time during the day, there is also the classic night tour project of "Today's Liangxiao" waiting for you. You can learn from the experience of multi-stop inland river cruises in Europe to string together cross-regional tourism projects such as leisure, parent-child, research, sports, fashion, silk, and health care along the Four Seasons Canal. I hope that with the joint efforts of market players such as Jiangsu Cultural Investment, as well as cities such as Xuzhou, Huai'an, Yangzhou, Zhenjiang, Suzhou, Wuxi, and Changzhou, my dream of a well-off canal tourism will soon become a beautiful landscape running from north to south. Market economy and commercial power are double-edged swords. While making rational use of cultural heritage, we must also prevent the tendency of excessive commercialization. In the development of historical and cultural cities and ancient villages and towns, there are many lessons of over-emphasizing the role of real estate projects in capital balance and large-scale demolition and construction, as well as excessive commercialization in the operation process, which leads to the loss of both culture and tourism. Cultural parks named after the country all have deep historical memories and strong feelings for home. They do not need to be vulgar in order to cater to the market. Not all artifacts are worth permanent protection, and not all customs need to be passed down from generation to generation. Those that should be protected should be protected, and those that should die should not be retained. The correct way to open the canal culture is to sort out the context, guide the audience and tourists to pursue positive energy with the core socialist values, and form a model for the integrated development of culture and tourism. Comrades and friends, the Grand Canal belongs to the local, the country, and the world. On June 22, 2014, the 38th World Heritage Conference decided to include the Grand Canal in the World Heritage List. Since then, the 1,011-kilometer-long 58 heritage sites include water conservancy engineering remains such as sluices, dikes, dams, bridges, water gates, towpaths, docks, warehouses, government offices, post stations, guild halls, palaces, and other supporting management facilities, as well as a number of ancient buildings and historical and cultural blocks. Like the Great Wall, Dunhuang, Suzhou Gardens and other cultural heritages, it has become a cultural landmark of the Chinese nation and a "human engineering with outstanding universal value." For a cultural heritage belt of such a large spatial scale as the Grand Canal, the top-level design and overall planning should adhere to the guiding ideology of "large openness, small closure; modularization and multi-function." From the first batch of national cultural parks built, they generally have the characteristics of wide distribution, large area, different regional environments, rich types of cultural relics and cultural resources, and complex ownership. The three national cultural parks of the Great Wall, the Long March and the Grand Canal involve 28 provinces (municipalities and autonomous regions) across the country, covering an area of ​​one million square kilometers. Along the route, there are rich types of cultural spaces and belt-shaped cultural heritage of various sizes, such as scenic spots, nature reserves, cultural relics protection units and museums, which are also extremely valuable tourist attractions. These characteristics make the traditional idea of ​​centralized planning and closed operation no longer feasible. The alternative planning idea is an open cultural tourism belt. At some special nodes, for the need to strictly protect cultural heritage and cultural relics resources, or to facilitate cultural tourism operations, small-scale closures can be considered, but overall it does not change its spatial pattern of "large openness and small closure". The Grand Canal National Cultural Park has the spatial attribute characteristics of rich heritage, diverse types, point-line combination and belt-shaped distribution. Whether it is Haiyuncang and Tongzhou in Beijing, the end point of Hangzhou, or the northern cities that prospered because of the canal, such as Tianjin, Dezhou, Cangzhou, and Linqing; whether it is the "four capitals of the southeast" such as Huai'an, Yangzhou, Suzhou, and Hangzhou, or the "golden waterway" with a total length of 683 kilometers in southern and northern Jiangsu, shipping, flood control, irrigation, leisure, or heritage, together constitute a rich and colorful canal culture. From the existing superior planning and project construction, there will be more museums, art galleries, parks, scenic spots, and festivals along the canal in the future. I don't think it's necessary to be too entangled in who is the heart of the canal and who is the important node, but to work harder on how cultural heritage can be integrated into the lives of residents in urban and rural areas. As long as citizens recognize and tourists are satisfied, the status of various places in the canal culture will naturally be established. In order to improve the governance system of national cultural parks such as the Grand Canal and enhance governance capabilities, it is advisable to clarify a unified administrative department at the national level, formulate and implement the demarcation of national cultural parks and related management policies and regulations, clarify the characteristics and functions of different sections, and classify and guide their cultural relics protection, cultural heritage, and tourism development. National cultural parks have strong public welfare attributes. The sources of funds for cultural relics protection and restoration, infrastructure construction and livelihood projects, basic scientific research investment and external communication should be mainly fiscal funds, and explore the establishment of public welfare funds for cultural relics protection and utilization. Actively play the role of enterprises, associations, non-profit organizations, communities and individuals, and establish a national cultural park governance model with government leadership and active participation of multiple subjects. Vigorously develop the volunteer team, especially encourage volunteers with professional capabilities to join the voluntary work of cultural protection and inheritance. Under the guidance of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, we have the confidence and ability to build the Grand Canal into a national cultural park model with cultural relics protected and culture inherited, and a new space for a good life with high quality of life and tourists can share. We have the confidence and ability to build the Grand Canal into a "Chinese Dream" that carries the national rejuvenation and people's happiness, and promotes the sustainable development of human civilization.Dear Mayor Du Xiaogang of Wuxi Municipal People's Government, comrades, friends, good afternoon! Time flies so fast. At the first Grand Canal Forum in Yangzhou last May, I agreed with Chairman Sheng Lei to ask Jiangsu Cultural Investment to "build a boat and accompany you to the south of the Yangtze River". It seems to be just now. Last night, I heard General Guoqiang say that the treasure ship has already taken shape, which is really exciting news. What is even more exciting is that the Grand Canal, the Great Wall and the Long March National Cultural Park, which are included in the national strategic system, have already had an early harvest list in terms of setting up special working groups, resource surveys, development plans, and project construction. Under the personal deployment and command of General Secretary Xi Jinping, my country's epidemic prevention and control has achieved important phased results. The dawn of decisive victory in poverty alleviation and building a moderately prosperous society in all respects is ahead, and a new journey of building a socialist modern country is about to begin. Today, we solemnly gathered in Wuxi, an important node city in the construction of the Grand Canal National Cultural Park, to summarize Jiangsu's experience in cultural construction and tourism development, and to explore strategies for promoting high-quality development of cultural and tourism integration. It can be said that it is the right time to be in a prosperous era. The Grand Canal is historical, contemporary, and future. From the excavation of Han Canal by King Fuchai of Wu in the Spring and Autumn Period, the opening of Lingqu Canal by Qin Shihuang, the repair of Bianqu Canal by Cao Wei, the opening of four canals by Wen and Yang of Sui Dynasty, the dredging and expansion of the canals during the Tang, Song and Yuan Dynasties, to the peak of the development of the ancient canal during the Ming and Qing Dynasties. After the opening of the Jinpu Railway in 1911, the shipping value of the northern section of the river gradually lost until it was cut off. After the founding of New China in 1949, the government carried out large-scale renovation of the Middle Canal and the Inner Canal. Although the expected goals have been achieved to a certain extent in terms of flood control and navigation, the times have changed. Some military, water transport, water conservancy and other functions have been replaced by railways, highways, and South-to-North Water Diversion Projects. It is no longer realistic to fully restore the historical splendor. The goal of the construction of the National Cultural Park is neither necessary nor necessary to travel through history back to the past, but to give cultural heritage the current significance on the basis of functional reconstruction. We develop cultural resources in the name of tourism, not just to restore the time and space of history, but to make the Grand Canal a quality living space for urban and rural residents along the province and city based on contextualization, cultural relics protection and cultural inheritance, so that all tourists from foreign countries who identify with the Grand Canal and yearn for the Grand Canal can visit conveniently and have a better quality experience. There is a consensus on protecting cultural relics, sites and intangible cultural heritage at any time, anywhere, and by any organization and individual. We also fully realize that culture is a top-down education, a bottom-up feedback, and a shaping in the communication interaction. The great culture should have a big pattern and a big mind for the country and the people. As a world heritage, the Grand Canal naturally has the functions of education, research and communication. We must not close the cultural park in the name of protection and ban idle people from entering. If culture is turned into something for self-appreciation in a small circle of traditional literati, it will be a betrayal of the original intention of building a cultural park. International experience in the protection and utilization of cultural heritage shows that the closer it is to people's lives, the more conducive it is to cultural inheritance. From the perspective of world history, the level of art in a country or region does not depend on individual talented artists, but on how many people appreciate art from the bottom of their hearts. Only by allowing the general public to easily access, experience and feel culture in their daily lives can culture be understood and recognized by more people on a larger scale and for a longer period of time, and then be effectively protected, inherited and promoted. The construction of a cultural park is not to let us wander in the time and space of history, to miss the past glory over and over again, but to be careful and trace the past and plan for the future. In the starry sky of the evolution of human civilization, each generation is a watcher and a pioneer, and will eventually leave their own marks and emit a unique light. At this time, I remembered the "Creation of Water" which tells the story of Israel's development from a desert country to a water power. The constantly improving national water resources governance system and the continuously improving water field innovation capabilities constitute Israel's national competitiveness and have accumulated economic strength and cultural heritage. Culture is not a fossil or a specimen, but an endless life. The cultural park should be committed to the creative transformation and innovative development of traditional culture, so that the texts collected in the Forbidden City, the heritage displayed on the vast land, and the texts written in ancient books can all come alive. This is the leader's request and the people's expectation. Comrades and friends, the Grand Canal is cultural, political, and economic. The projects, sites, and artifacts that are regarded as cultural heritage and well protected today all had specific military, political, economic, and social functions. The Grand Canal in history has played a key role and played a positive role in the process of national unification, ethnic integration, and cultural prosperity in different historical periods. In particular, water transport has always been an indispensable and most important material basis for maintaining the central government. "Half of the world's wealth comes from this road." Today, we must fight a decisive battle to overcome poverty, build a well-off society in an all-round way, build a socialist modern power, and realize the Chinese dream of national rejuvenation and people's happiness. We are still facing a very complex international and domestic environment and foreseeable difficulties and obstacles. The construction of the Grand Canal National Cultural Park must consciously assume the role of cultivating the roots of cultural confidence and casting the soul of the socialist core values. The people have faith and the country has strength. The people's yearning for a better life is the goal of the Chinese Communists and the fundamental driving force for innovation of market players. Over the past 40 years of reform and opening up, we have achieved the transformation from a country with abundant tourism resources to a powerful tourism country. It is expected that by the end of the 14th Five-Year Plan, we will usher in a super market with 10 billion domestic tourists and 10 trillion tourism revenue. Tourism in a well-off society will be an organic combination of beautiful scenery and a better life, and a deep integration of culture and tourism. Tourism projects are not only large-scale landscape spaces and large-scale theme parks, but also indoor parks, community parks and suburban parks that are touchable and sensible to the general public. The construction of national cultural parks is far from being as simple as demarcating a few plots of land in a protected area and building a few museums to collect some cultural relics. The concept and requirements of the integrated development of culture and tourism should be integrated into the entire process of planning, construction and operation, and urban and rural development, residents' leisure and tourists' sharing should be coordinated to integrate the canal into the daily life space of the people without any sense of disobedience. This requires us to conduct in-depth research on the laws of the integrated development of cultural undertakings, cultural industries and tourism, and to display the content that the public is interested in in a language that the public can understand and in an easy-to-accept way. We should be good at carrying culture with science and technology, expressing culture with science and technology, and developing phenomenal projects that face the present and lead the future at the intersection of history and modernity. For most tourists, it is almost impossible to travel all the sections and iconic projects along the canal at one time, with its long cultural context, rich heritage, and wonderful urban and rural destinations. What to do? You can exchange time for space, and cross Guazhou in the night snow on the building ship; go to Yangzhou in March when fireworks are on; go to Hangzhou in the hot summer to see the three autumn osmanthus and ten miles of lotus; come to Wuxi when the moon is full on Mid-Autumn Festival, and take a boat through the "canal's unique place, Jiangnan water alleys" to the sound of the oars of Yu Enai, and talk with the artist Abing to the sound of the piano in "Erquan Yingyue". If you don't have enough time during the day, there is also the classic night tour project of "Today's Liangxiao" waiting for you. You can learn from the experience of multi-stop inland river cruises in Europe to string together cross-regional tourism projects such as leisure, parent-child, research, sports, fashion, silk, and health care along the Four Seasons Canal. I hope that with the joint efforts of market players such as Jiangsu Cultural Investment, as well as cities such as Xuzhou, Huai'an, Yangzhou, Zhenjiang, Suzhou, Wuxi, and Changzhou, my dream of a well-off canal tourism will soon become a beautiful landscape running from north to south. Market economy and commercial power are double-edged swords. While making rational use of cultural heritage, we must also prevent the tendency of excessive commercialization. In the development of historical and cultural cities and ancient villages and towns, there are many lessons of over-emphasizing the role of real estate projects in capital balance and large-scale demolition and construction, as well as excessive commercialization in the operation process, which leads to the loss of both culture and tourism. Cultural parks named after the country all have deep historical memories and strong feelings for home. They do not need to be vulgar in order to cater to the market. Not all artifacts are worth permanent protection, and not all customs need to be passed down from generation to generation. Those that should be protected should be protected, and those that should die should not be retained. The correct way to open the canal culture is to sort out the context, guide the audience and tourists to pursue positive energy with the core socialist values, and form a model for the integrated development of culture and tourism. Comrades and friends, the Grand Canal belongs to the local, the country, and the world. On June 22, 2014, the 38th World Heritage Conference decided to include the Grand Canal in the World Heritage List. Since then, the 1,011-kilometer-long 58 heritage sites include water conservancy engineering remains such as sluices, dikes, dams, bridges, water gates, towpaths, docks, warehouses, government offices, post stations, guild halls, palaces, and other supporting management facilities, as well as a number of ancient buildings and historical and cultural blocks. Like the Great Wall, Dunhuang, Suzhou Gardens and other cultural heritages, it has become a cultural landmark of the Chinese nation and a "human engineering with outstanding universal value." For a cultural heritage belt of such a large spatial scale as the Grand Canal, the top-level design and overall planning should adhere to the guiding ideology of "large openness, small closure; modularization and multi-function." From the first batch of national cultural parks built, they generally have the characteristics of wide distribution, large area, different regional environments, rich types of cultural relics and cultural resources, and complex ownership. The three national cultural parks of the Great Wall, the Long March and the Grand Canal involve 28 provinces (municipalities and autonomous regions) across the country, covering an area of ​​one million square kilometers. Along the route, there are rich types of cultural spaces and belt-shaped cultural heritage of various sizes, such as scenic spots, nature reserves, cultural relics protection units and museums, which are also extremely valuable tourist attractions. These characteristics make the traditional idea of ​​centralized planning and closed operation no longer feasible. The alternative planning idea is an open cultural tourism belt. At some special nodes, for the need to strictly protect cultural heritage and cultural relics resources, or to facilitate cultural tourism operations, small-scale closures can be considered, but overall it does not change its spatial pattern of "large openness and small closure". The Grand Canal National Cultural Park has the spatial attribute characteristics of rich heritage, diverse types, point-line combination and belt-shaped distribution. Whether it is Haiyuncang and Tongzhou in Beijing, the end point of Hangzhou, or the northern cities that prospered because of the canal, such as Tianjin, Dezhou, Cangzhou, and Linqing; whether it is the "four capitals of the southeast" such as Huai'an, Yangzhou, Suzhou, and Hangzhou, or the "golden waterway" with a total length of 683 kilometers in southern and northern Jiangsu, shipping, flood control, irrigation, leisure, or heritage, together constitute a rich and colorful canal culture. From the existing superior planning and project construction, there will be more museums, art galleries, parks, scenic spots, and festivals along the canal in the future. I don't think it's necessary to be too entangled in who is the heart of the canal and who is the important node, but to work harder on how cultural heritage can be integrated into the lives of residents in urban and rural areas. As long as citizens recognize and tourists are satisfied, the status of various places in the canal culture will naturally be established. In order to improve the governance system of national cultural parks such as the Grand Canal and enhance governance capabilities, it is advisable to clarify a unified administrative department at the national level, formulate and implement the demarcation of national cultural parks and related management policies and regulations, clarify the characteristics and functions of different sections, and classify and guide their cultural relics protection, cultural heritage, and tourism development. National cultural parks have strong public welfare attributes. The sources of funds for cultural relics protection and restoration, infrastructure construction and livelihood projects, basic scientific research investment and external communication should be mainly fiscal funds, and explore the establishment of public welfare funds for cultural relics protection and utilization. Actively play the role of enterprises, associations, non-profit organizations, communities and individuals, and establish a national cultural park governance model with government leadership and active participation of multiple subjects. Vigorously develop the volunteer team, especially encourage volunteers with professional capabilities to join the voluntary work of cultural protection and inheritance. Under the guidance of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, we have the confidence and ability to build the Grand Canal into a national cultural park model with cultural relics protected and culture inherited, and a new space for a good life with high quality of life and tourists can share. We have the confidence and ability to build the Grand Canal into a "Chinese Dream" that carries the national rejuvenation and people's happiness, and promotes the sustainable development of human civilization.

Source: China Tourism Academy (Data Center of the Ministry of Culture and Tourism) Please indicate the author and source for reprinting